What Does It Mean You Be Bilingual Or Multilingual

What does it mean to be bilingual or multilingual? Discuss the different ways in which multilingualism can be defined, and the educational implications in a particular educational setting. Introduction We define multilingual speakers as having the capacity to identify and communicate using three or more languages. The term bilingualism is used to label a person whom has the ability to interact using two languages; these languages are not always at an equal advancement, skill and communication level between these languages can differ. Researchers have identified that there is a far larger population of multilingual individuals in the world compared to the monolingual, persons only capable of speaking one language, community. It is†¦show more content†¦Multilingualism allows for those capable of it to understand and appreciate different cultures and life styles and encourages open-mindedness, dismisses ignorance and boosts positive social relations. The argument regarding multilingualism’s importance is rife; although there are many benefits from language skills it seems there is a lack of drive to learn another language. â€Å"Since the removal of compulsory language qualifications at Key Stage 4 in England, there has been a steady decline in numbers of students taking a GCSE in a language; the Language Trends Survey (2011) recorded a decline from 78% take up in 2001 to 40% in 2011† (Dr Taylor, 2013, p.4). This figure proves a topic of interest to researchers as it begs the question, if globally multilingualism is widespread and respected why is the law dismissing it? Despite the removal of compulsory languages, since this time, more government plans have been issued to assist in bringing back language learning into an educational setting; the BBC declared that, from September 2014 in England, it was to be compulsory for primary school children aged seven and above to learn another language. It is a fact that the younger you are when you learn a language the earlier you pick it up; making it an obligation for 7+ year

The Enlightenment Period The Age Of Reason - 1332 Words

Age of Awareness The Enlightenment period, also known as The Age of Reason, was a highly intellectual movement of the late seventeenth century and the eighteenth century Europe. This development highlighted reasoning, equality and more of a humanistic approach was taken as opposed to traditional practice. This period was heavily influenced by scientific thought, skepticism and intellectual stimulation. The plan of this era was to reform society and the way it used reasoning as well as oppose long established customs. Most importantly, the objective was to move forward in the field of scientific thought. The period leading up to the Enlightenment was a transformation of understanding. This span of time emphasized reason and logic, assessment and critical thinking over blind faith, superstition and mythology. A new way of rational thinking was set in stone. The concept of the Enlightenment significantly influenced and further developed culture, politics and Western world governments. As people began to think for themselves, major developments in religion, science and philosophy occurred. Before the 1800s most people in Europe were Catholic. These individuals were not allowed to express other religious views or thoughts. Anybody who questioned the established beliefs was arrested or killed. During this time, popes were considered faultless; not a single person could tell them they were faulty. The papacy then underwent numerous attacks by the Protestant reformers such asShow MoreRelatedOverview of The Enlightenment Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesThe Enlightenment was a period of history throughout the mid-decades of the seventeenth century and during the course of the eighteenth century, in which intense revolutions in science, philosophy, society and politics occurred. This part of history was important because it was an enormous departure from the Middle Ages. Seldom before and after this time, did the Church have as much power as it did during the Enlightenment. There were three main eras of the Enlightenment: The Early EnlightenmentRead MoreThe Enlightenment Pa radigm Shift Within The Era1628 Words   |  7 PagesThe Enlightenment Paradigm Shift The Enlightenment era, between the 1500s and 1800s was a predominately intellectual movement that saw the development of new ideas, major changes in Church-State relations and scientific discoveries that are still fundamental today. Until the Renaissance and Reformation period the Church, from the ancient to medieval ages, had total domination. The Renaissance era set the ball rolling for the Enlightenment with the beginning of scientific inquiry and search forRead MoreKant : The Father Of Enlightenment1071 Words   |  5 PagesEssay 2 Kant: The Father of Enlightenment The 18th Century is referred to as the Age of Reason or Enlightenment as it was during this period that reason and individualism was advocated as a means of power. Science and reason were revolutionizing society by challenging the facts deeply rooted in tradition. This new rational way of thinking used logic to arrive at conclusions. Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, was one of the primary figures of this era that cultivated reason and whose works have revolutionizedRead MoreAge Of Reason And The Scientific Revolution1089 Words   |  5 Pages2015 Age of Reason The Age of Reason took place in Europe from the mid 1500s and ended in the late 1700s. This can be categorized into two different time periods. First, was the Scientific Revolution when many scholars created new ways of thinking about the natural world. The Scientific Revolution ended around the late 1600s. Although this time period was over, common ideas spread to the next period. The second time period in the Age of Reason was the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was whenRead More Was The Enlightenment Really The Age of Reason? Essay1569 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Reason does not work instinctively, but requires trial, practice, and instruction in order to gradually progress from one level of insight to another† Immanuel Kant. Kant’s opinion of reason is that it is a force, which is ever-evolving and constantly building on previous insights. The Enlightenment is a historical period referring to the intellectual movement that swept across Europe in the 18th ce ntury. To tackle this question, I will be looking at two texts. The essays, ‘An Answer to the Question:Read MoreThe Enlightenment Puritanism Essay807 Words   |  4 Pages The Enlightenment period, also known as The Age of Reason, was a period of social, religious, and political revolution throughout the 18th century which changed the thoughts of man during this â€Å"awakening† time. It was a liberation of ignorant thoughts, ideas, and actions that had broken away from the ignorant perception of how society was to be kept and obeyed thus giving little room for new ideas about the world. Puritan society found these new ideas of thought to be extremely radical in comparisonRead MoreTop Ten1569 Words   |  7 PagesTop Ten Assignment The Enlightenment and Romanic Ages produced numerous masterpieces in art, music, architecture, and literature which people still enjoy today. These opus magnums along with the philosophies during the two periods are reflections of the developments in world events and cultural patterns. This paper will present two pieces of art, music, architecture, literature, and philosophy from the Enlightenment and Romanic Ages that best represents the developments patterns from that time. Read MoreEnlightenment and Puritans782 Words   |  4 Pages The Enlightenment period, also known as The Age of Reason, was a period of social, religious, and political revolution throughout the 18th century which changed the thoughts of man during this â€Å"awakening† time. It was a liberation of ignorant thoughts, ideas, and actions that had broken away from the ignorant perception of how society was to be kept and obeyed thus giving little room for new ideas about the world. Puritan society found these new ideas of thought to be extremely radical in comparisonRead MoreThe Enlightenment By Thomas Paine And John Locke1709 Words   |  7 PagesFinal Paper: The Enlightenment The eighteenth century embraced the beginning of an opinionated movement for new thinking about once unquestioned truths and actions. This movement, known as the enlightenment was more than a period of advanced ideas, as this unfamiliar way of thinking also lead to a change in the way that people began to operate within society. The ambition was lead by the attempt to break free from the past, overturning old ideas and moving forward. Enlightenment thinkers helpedRead MoreKant s Views On The Enlightenment And Modernity923 Words   |  4 PagesRousseau and I. Kant. Both thinkers agreed that the Enlightenment would change society as they knew it, that it would allow the human being to develop, both individually and socially. I will consider both thinker’s attitudes as regards to the Enlightenment and Modernity, the individual, and finally to the individual’s responsibility in helping humanity progress towards a peaceful international community. The Enlightenment is the social and cultural period that brought about European Modernity, extending

usama Essay Example For Students

usama Essay I had a really hard time finding a topic for this speech, I thought long and hard trying to figure out something I knew that we be of interest to all of you. Finally I decided to give a speech on something that I wanted to learn about too. Before September 11th I, along with most of the country, hadnt heard much about a man named Usama Bin Laden for the past eight months Ive heard his name countless times. I know through the news stories what part he played in the World Trade Center bombing, but I also know that this wasnt his first attack on the United States. I tried to get information from articles written before September 11th as well as articles written after the attacks. Through this speech I would like to share what I have learned about Usama the man, his terrorist activities, and his reasoning behind the attacks. Ill start with some personal information and background on Usama. According to a US government fact sheet He was born around 1955 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He is the youngest son of Muhammad Bin Laden, founder of a Saudi based construction firm heavily involved with the Saudi government. Usama is a multi-millionaire because of inheritance, not by any effort of his own. Usama left Saudi Arabia in 1979 to join the fighting in Afghanistan against the Soviet Union. He co-founded an organization known as the MAK to help funnel fighters and money to the Afghan resistance. The MAK had recruitment centers all over the world including the United States. In 1988 he formed the now infamous al-Qaida which contains many of the more extremist former members of MAK. The goal of al-Qaida in Usamas own words is to unite all Muslims and to establish a government which follows the rules of the Caliphs. The caliphs were the first leaders after the death of the prophet Muhammad, they ruled over the Muslim community as a whole. Because of his anti-government activities he was expelled from Saudi Arabia in 1991. And upon threat of UN sanctions he was expelled from Sudan in 1996. In August of 1996 he declared war on the United States. Now that you know a little about his background Ill move onto the things he has either confessed to or is the main suspect in. Usama has used his families wealth to back terrorist activities all over the world. The most alarming of his previous attacks was the first attack on the World Trade Center in 1993. It is a testament to his dedication to destroying the US. For this attack the terrorists used a 1200 to 1500 lb fertilizer bomb. They were unsuccessful in the first attempt to bring down the towers. In August of 1998 al-Qaida is charged in connection to bombings at us embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. These attacks killed 200 people and injured 4,000 only 12 of the dead were American citizens. According to a US government fact sheet he admitted to attacks on US military personnel in Somalia and Yemen. The October 200 attack on the USS Cole which blasted a 40 foot by 40 foot hole in the side of the ship. Of course we all know about the massive attacks on Sep tember 11th that included the World Trade Center, the pentagon and a third highjacked plane that was crashed after a struggle between highjackers and passengers. It seems that Usama is intent on killing Americans at every opportunity he gets. Now I would like to touch on the reasoning Usama gives for his brutal attacks against the US and our interests. In an article I found on a website called the Atlantic Online he was quoted referring to an American pilot who was killed then stripped naked and dragged through the streets of Mogadishu his statement was It was a pleasure for every Muslim . The main complaint Usama has against the United States is our support of Israel. In a 1999 article in Esquire magazine Usama states The American imposes himself on everyone. Americans accuse our children in Palestine of being terrorists- those children, who have no weapons and have not even reached maturity. At the same time, Americans defend a country, the state of Jews, that has a policy to destroy the future of these children. This is the propaganda used by the al-Qaida to ensure the continued hatred for the United States amongst anti Israeli extremist Muslims. In much of the reading I have done Usama accuses the United States of kil ling Muslim children, even though many of the missions he refers to are missions to deliver humanitarian aid to starving Muslims. .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 , .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .postImageUrl , .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 , .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041:hover , .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041:visited , .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041:active { border:0!important; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041:active , .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041 .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc4a4c414827dd161432236577882a041:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Electoral College (2055 words) EssayI have given you a look into the life of Usama, his terrorist activities, and some of the reasoning behind his activities. I hope you will go and read what you can to get a better understanding of Usama. I know I am far from finished learning about this topic. One thing I know is that every American will remember where they were when they heard the news of the attacks on September 11th.

The Perversity Of The Congo Essays - Congo Free State, Joseph Conrad

The Perversity Of The Congo In the novel Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad one of the major themes is the perversity of the Congo. What is good and evil in the European world becomes distorted and hazy in the heart of Africa. To the outside world white is good and black is evil; it is as simple as that. This philosophy is embodied in Marlow's aunt, who believes that his job is to bring light into the land of darkness and to enlighten the savages. This idea, however, becomes corrupted when white objects symbolize suffering and greed instead of good, and light images hide the presence of darkness. Symbols such as, a white rag, white imperialists and ivory, no longer represent the good will of the imperialists, on the other hand they represent the exploitation and chaos that the Europeans have brought to the Congo. The main character Marlow is faced with this confusion as he voyages through the jungle, and he must reevaluate his former opinions, which no longer hold true. The European philosophy is shown through the conversation that Marlow has with his aunt before commencing his adventure. According to her, his job seems clear: to bring civilization and light to the ?heart of darkness.? Instead of focusing on the horrors of imperialism she is disillusioned to believe that it is all for the better. The Europeans, especially the British have no respect for other cultures or other ways of life, and they truly believe that they are helping the Africans. Not by choice but because of the ?white man's burden? they feel the need to ?[wean] those ignorant millions from their horrid ways?(28). To the outside this seems like an earnest motive; however, once inside Marlow begins to see new forms of corruption. Are the imperialists their to help, or are they there to make money to fulfill their greed? He begins to realize that it is not the black savages who represent evil, but rather the selfish whites. This corruption is further shown through the novel with symbols that reveal that perversity of the jungle. None of Marlow's previous beliefs hold true in the Congo and he must reevaluate what is light and what is dark. He is confronted with the distortion of images and confusion at the first station. He sees a group of natives in the shade and immediately compares it to hell. As he states: ?Black shapes crouched, lay, sat between the trees, leaning against the trunks, clinging to the earth, half coming out, half effaced within the dim light, in all the attitudes of pain, abandonment, and despair?(35). He notices one figure in particular, one with a white rag around his neck. Is it the natives who create this feeling of suffering or is it the whites? These people are in the shade because they have nothing to live for anymore. The imperialists have destroyed their way of life and now they are eagerly awaiting death. The corruption is not in the black boy, rather in the white rag. What it symbolizes is not clear. Marlow asks, ?Where did he get it? Was it a badge ? an ornament ? a charm ? a propitiatory act?It looked startling round his black neck, this bit of white thread from beyond the seas?(35). Marlow does not know why exactly the boy is wearing the rag; however, he does know that the Europeans brought it - along with suffering and corruption. Rather than bringing light to the natives, they have brought nothing but pain and chaos. This confusion in appearances is show again with the alternative motives of the whites. They are not humanitarians helping a civilization out of good will. They are there out of greed and corruption. Without the presence of society, the inner core of humans is revealed and what is white on the outside is sometimes black on the inside. This reversal of appearances is displayed in all the imperialists that Marlow comes across. One is the manager at the first station. He gives the allusion of being a gentleman with his European clothing and manners, yet inside he is filled with crookedness. In order to maintain this image he must train a native